Marc Brenman wrote that “Data collection ‘is the most crucial step of the evaluation process because without data, there is no evidence of the diversity initiative’s impact and therefore no need for an evaluation,’ quoting Hubbard, The Diversity Scorecard: Evaluating the Impact of Diversity on Organizational Performance, San Francisco: Elsevier, 2004. (Diversity Metrics, Measurement, and Evaluation) The earliest “diversity metrics” are the measurements used in affirmative action programs mandated by the Executive Order 11246 regulations, 41 CFR Part 60. http://www.dol.gov/dol/cfr/Title_41/Chapter_60.htm